I-Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha idolo ngokuphelele, inqubo ehloselwe ukufaka esikhundleni sedolo elonakele noma eligugileidolo elihlangenengeukufakelwa noma i-prosthesis yokwenziwaNgokuvamile kwenziwa ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwabantu abane-arthritis yamadolo enzima, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-post-traumatic arthritis, noma ezinye izimo ezithinta ijoyinti ledolo.
Nasi isifinyezo sezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezihilelekile ku-total knee arthroplasty:
Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kokuhlinzwa: Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, isiguli sihlolwa ngokuphelele, okuhlanganisa ukubuyekezwa komlando wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, izifundo zezithombe (njenge-X-ray noma i-MRI), futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kusiza ithimba lokuhlinzwa ukuhlola impilo yesiguli iyonke futhi lihlele inqubo ngokufanele.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwezinzwa: I-Total knee arthroplasty ivame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, i-anesthesia yomgogodla, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Ukukhetha i-anesthesia kuncike esimweni sempilo yesiguli, okuthandwa yisiguli, kanye nesincomo sikadokotela ohlinzayo.
Ukusikwa: Uma sekuhlinzekwe i-anesthesia, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusikwa phezu kwedolo. Ubukhulu nendawo yokusikwa kungahluka kuye ngezici ezifana nokwakheka komzimba wesiguli kanye nendlela yokuhlinzwa esetshenzisiwe. Izindawo ezivamile zokusikwa zifaka phakathi ingaphambili (ngaphambili), uhlangothi (oluseceleni), noma ingaphambili ledolo (umugqa ophakathi).
Ukuchayeka Nokulungiselela: Ngemva kokufinyelela esihlanganyelweni sedolo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ngokucophelela izicubu ezizungezile ukuze aveze izindawo zamalunga ezonakele. I-cartilage nethambo elonakele bese kususwa ku-femur (ithambo lethanga), i-tibia (ithambo lesifuba), futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-patella (i-kneecap) ukuze kulungiselelwe ukufakwa kwezingxenye zokufakelwa.
Ukufakelwa: Izingxenye zokufakelwa zakhiwe izingxenye zensimbi nepulasitiki ezenzelwe ukulingisa isakhiwo semvelo kanye nomsebenzi wejoyinti ledolo. Lezi zingxenye zifaka insimbiingxenye yesifazane, insimbi noma ipulasitikiingxenye ye-tibial, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye yepulasitiki ye-patellar. Izingxenye ziboshelwa ethanjeni kusetshenziswa usimende wethambo noma ngamasu okufaka ingcindezi, kuye ngohlobo lokufakelwa kanye nokukhetha kukadokotela ohlinzayo.
Ukuvalwa: Uma izingxenye zokufakelwa sezikhona futhi idolo selihlolwe ukuqina kanye nobubanzi bokunyakaza, udokotela ohlinzayo uvala i-incision nge-sutures noma ama-staple. Kufakwa i-dressing engenamagciwane endaweni yokusikwa.
Ukunakekelwa Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isiguli siqashwe ngokucophelela endaweni yokululama ngaphambi kokudluliselwa egumbini lesibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokuvuselelwa kuyizinto ezibalulekile ohlelweni lokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa, ukubuyisa amandla edolo nokusebenza kahle, nokuvimbela izinkinga.
I-Total knee arthroplasty inqubo ephumelela kakhulu engathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yabantu abahlushwa ubuhlungu bedolo obuwohlozayo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona, okuhlanganisa ukutheleleka, amahlule egazi, ukukhululeka kokufakelwa, kanye nokuqina. Kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli zilandele imiyalelo kadokotela wazo wokunakekelwa nokuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze zifinyelele imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-17-2024